Respiratory system | structural and functional divisions
Functions of respiratory system
1: Gas exchange
O2 into enter the blood and CO2 move out of the blood.
2: Blood PH regulation
Level of CO2 in blood alter it's pH.
3: Voice production
When air past vocal folds, it creates the sound and speech.
4:Olfaction
We feel smell when airborne molecules enter into nasal cavity
5: Protection
It provide protection against microorganisms by stopping them from entering into the body and removing them from respiratory surfaces.
Four processes are included in respiration.
1:Ventilation: During ventilation, air move into and out of lungs.
2: External respiration: there is gas exchange between air in lungs and blood
3: Transportation of O2 and CO2 in the blood
4: Internal respiration: there is gas exchange between blood and tissues
Structural division of respiratory system
The respiratory system consists of external nose, nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs.
Structurally, the respiratory system is divided into two parts
Upper tract
Nose, pharynx and associated structures
Lower tract
Larynx, bronchi,trachea and lungs
Functional division of respiratory system
The respiratory system is divided into two regions functionally
1: The conducting zone is for air movement and it extends from the nose to the bronchioles.
2: The respiratory zone is present there within the lungs and is where there gas exchange between air and blood takes place.
Conducting zone
The nose which consists of external nose and nasal cavity.
External nose forms a prominent feature of the face. The nasal cavity extends from nares to the choanae.
Functions
Passageway for air.
Cleans the air.
Humidifies the warms air.. the air is moisten by the mucous epithelium and by tear glands which is warmed by warm blood flowing through blood vessels which are underlying.
Smell ---the receptors of smell in the nasal cavity detect air born molecules.
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